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Electromotive Force Calculator

Calculate Electromotive Force (EMF) easily with our EMF Calculator. Get quick, step-by-step solutions for your physics and electrical needs.

Calculate EMF in a circuit by considering terminal voltage, current, and internal resistance.

Electromotive force (EMF) is the energy a power source gives to each unit of charge. It pushes electrons through a circuit, helping electrical devices work. Batteries and generators create EMF. The unit of measurement is volts (V).

How to Calculate EMF

The basic formula for EMF is:

EMF (ε) = V + I × r

Where:

  • ε = Electromotive force (V)
  • V = Terminal voltage (V)
  • I = Current (A)
  • r = Internal resistance (Ω)

Example Calculation

A battery has a terminal voltage of 10V. It has an internal resistance of 2Ω and supplies 3A of current. What’s the EMF?

ε = 10V + (3A × 2Ω)

ε = 10V + 6V

ε = 16V

So, the EMF is 16V.

Types of EMF

There are different ways to generate EMF:

  1. Chemical EMF – Found in batteries.
  2. Magnetic Induction EMF – Created by moving magnets.
  3. Thermoelectric EMF – Produced by temperature differences.

How to Use the EMF Calculator

Using our Electromotive Force Calculator is simple:

  1. Enter the voltage (V).
  2. Input the current (I).
  3. Add the internal resistance (r).
  4. Click "Calculate."
  5. Get your EMF instantly!

EMF in Everyday Life

You experience EMF daily. Your phone battery uses it. Cars start with it. Even your home’s power supply depends on it. Without EMF, no electronic device would work!

Final Thoughts

Our Electromotive Force Calculator makes EMF calculations fast and easy. Whether you’re a student or an engineer, this tool helps you get accurate results. Try it now and see how simple it is!

FAQs

What’s the easiest way to calculate EMF?

Use the formula: EMF = V + Ir or use our calculator.

Can EMF be negative?

Yes. In magnetic fields, it can oppose motion.

What’s the difference between voltage and EMF?

EMF is the total energy per charge. Voltage is the potential difference.

How is EMF measured?

With a voltmeter in an open circuit.