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PWM to Voltage Calculator helps you convert PWM signals into average voltage using accurate formulas. Easy, fast, and reliable online tool.
A PWM to Voltage calculator helps you convert a PWM signal into an average DC voltage. PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. It is widely used in electronics, microcontrollers, motor control, LED dimming, and power regulation. Many users ask questions like what is the formula for PWM to voltage or how many volts is PWM. This calculator gives instant and accurate answers.
We developed this PWM to Voltage calculator so users can easily calculate output voltage without complex math. Just enter the duty cycle, time values, or PWM digital value, and the calculator does the rest.
PWM itself is not a constant voltage. It is a digital signal that switches between ON and OFF. The voltage you get from PWM depends on how long the signal stays ON during each cycle. This ON time is called the duty cycle.
When a PWM signal is filtered or averaged, it produces a smooth DC voltage. This average voltage is what engineers usually refer to as PWM voltage.
The PWM to voltage calculation is based on a simple and accurate electrical formula.
PWM to Voltage formula is:
Vavg = D × Vmax
Here, Vavg is the average output voltage.
D is the duty cycle expressed as a fraction.
Vmax is the maximum voltage level of the PWM signal.
If duty cycle is given in percentage, the formula becomes:
Vavg = (Duty Cycle ÷ 100) × Vmax
This formula is used in all PWM systems, including Arduino, ESP32, STM32, and other microcontrollers.
PWM does not have a fixed voltage. The voltage depends on the duty cycle and the maximum voltage.
So, PWM voltage is always proportional to the duty cycle.
This calculator automatically converts units and applies the correct formula, so no manual work is needed.
Sometimes duty cycle is not given directly. In that case, duty cycle is calculated using time values.
Duty cycle formula using time is:
D = High Time ÷ Total Period
After calculating duty cycle, the same PWM to voltage formula is applied:
Vavg = D × Vmax
This method is useful when working with oscilloscopes or timing diagrams.
Let’s understand with a simple example.
Suppose a PWM signal has a maximum voltage of 5V.
The duty cycle is 40 percent.
First, convert duty cycle into fraction.
D = 40 ÷ 100 = 0.4
Now apply the PWM to voltage formula.
Vavg = 0.4 × 5
Vavg = 2V
So, the average output voltage is 2 volts.
In microcontrollers, PWM is often represented by digital values.
For an 8-bit PWM system, the maximum value is 255.
The formula becomes:
Vavg = (PWM Value ÷ 255) × Vmax
This method is commonly used in Arduino and embedded systems.
Manual PWM calculations can be confusing and time-consuming. This calculator eliminates errors and saves time. It is perfect for students, engineers, hobbyists, and professionals.
Our PWM to Voltage calculator provides accurate results, clear steps, and supports multiple calculation methods.
The PWM to Voltage calculator is a simple and powerful tool for converting PWM signals into average voltage. It uses accurate formulas and works for duty cycle, time-based, and digital PWM inputs. If you want fast, reliable, and easy PWM voltage calculations, this tool is the best choice.
The formula is Vavg = D × Vmax, where D is duty cycle and Vmax is the maximum voltage.
PWM voltage depends on duty cycle. It is not fixed. A higher duty cycle means higher voltage.
PWM itself is not DC. But after averaging or filtering, it behaves like a DC voltage.
Yes, if the maximum voltage exceeds device limits. Always check Vmax before using PWM.
Yes, PWM is widely used in motor speed control, LED dimming, and power regulation.