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Easily calculate buffer solution pH using our free online calculator. Accurate results with Ka or pKa, acid/base concentrations, and temperature settings.
Understanding and calculating the pH of a buffer solution is essential in both academic and practical chemistry applications. Whether you’re a student working on a lab project, a teacher preparing experiments, or a professional in a research lab, knowing how to calculate the pH of a buffer solution accurately is key.
To simplify the process, we’ve developed a Buffer Solution pH Calculator that makes it easy to determine the pH value of any buffer solution. This tool supports weak acid–conjugate base and weak base–conjugate acid systems and provides reliable results in seconds.
A buffer solution is a water-based solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. It typically consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. Common examples include acetate, phosphate, ammonia, and carbonate buffers.
To calculate the pH of a buffer, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used:
pH = pKa + log₁₀([A⁻]/[HA])
Where:
This equation allows you to find the pH if you know the concentrations of the acid and base components of your buffer system.
If you only have Ka, you can convert it to pKa using:
pKa = −log₁₀(Ka)
Once you know both the pKa and the ratio of base to acid, calculating the pH becomes straightforward.
Using our online pH buffer calculator is simple and user-friendly. Here's how you can use it:
Step 1: Choose or Enter Ka or pKa
You can select a common buffer like acetate or phosphate, or manually input Ka or pKa values if you’re working with a custom buffer.
Step 2: Enter Acid and Base Concentrations
Input the concentration of the weak acid (HA) and the conjugate base (A⁻). You can choose the units (Molar, mM, µM) as needed.
Step 3: Adjust Temperature and Ionic Strength (Optional)
If you're working in non-standard conditions, you can enter the solution’s temperature and ionic strength. The calculator automatically adjusts the pKa for temperature changes.
Step 4: Click Calculate
Our system will calculate:
If you're wondering how to make a buffer solution with a specific pH (like pH 7, pH 8, or pH 10), follow these general steps:
The Buffer Solution pH Calculator makes it easier than ever to find the pH of any buffer system. It supports both beginners and professionals by delivering fast, reliable results with minimal input. No need to do manual calculations or guesswork — our calculator takes care of it all, including temperature and ionic strength adjustments.
So, whether you're figuring out how to calculate the pH of a buffer, trying to prepare a pH 7 or pH 10 buffer solution, or just need a tool for classroom demonstrations, this calculator is the perfect solution.
The buffer pH is calculated using:
pH = pKa + log₁₀([A⁻]/[HA])
Choose a buffer system with a pKa value close to your desired pH. The buffer works best when pH ≈ pKa.
Yes, you can input any custom values for Ka or pKa and concentration. It works for any weak acid–base system.
Yes, our calculator adjusts the pKa based on temperature, assuming a change of ±0.01 units per °C from 25°C.
Yes! This tool gives you the pH and base-to-acid ratio, helping you mix the correct amounts of buffer components in the lab.